# Nonstandard Precision Machining# Turning processing What are the commonly used materials for cold heading bolts/cold heading nuts?

1. Carbon steel: such as Q235, 45 steel, etc. Carbon steel has good strength and toughness, relatively low cost, and is widely used in general mechanical connections.

2. Alloy steel: such as 40Cr, 35CrMo, etc. Alloy steel has higher strength and wear resistance, and is suitable for occasions that require high strength and fatigue resistance.

3. Stainless steel: Common ones include 304, 316, etc. Stainless steel has good corrosion resistance and is suitable for use in humid and corrosive environments.

4. Copper and copper alloys: such as brass, bronze, etc. It has good electrical and thermal conductivity and is often used in the electrical field.